MINI-SYNOPSIS The History of the Tirtha Taijasa and that of the Installation of the King of Waters; The history of Agnitirtha
Sage Vaiśampāyana recounts the investiture of Skanda (Kārtikeya), son of Agni, as commander of the celestial army. Thousands of divine “mothers,” fierce and radiant beings of supernatural form and origin, accompany him as protectors. The gods honor Skanda with powerful gifts—Indra gives a blazing dart and banner, Śiva grants an invincible army, Viṣṇu offers a triumphal garland, and others bestow sacred items and animal companions. With his divine retinue and weapons, Skanda sets out to destroy the Daityas, terrifying the three worlds with his energy and resolve.
Skanda slays mighty demons like Tāraka, Mahisha, and Hradodara, and famously splits Mount Krauncha to destroy Vāli’s son Vāna and his army. His dart unleashes meteors, thunder, and fire, reducing countless foes to ash. Rejoiced and relieved, the gods shower Skanda with praise, calling him the son of Agni, Śiva, or even Sanatkumāra. The site of his victory becomes a sacred tīrtha, second only to heaven. Skanda, glorified as the savior of the gods, is established as their eternal general and divine protector.
Mahābhārata - Shalya Parva
Chapter 46 - The History of the Tirtha Taijasa and that of the Installation of the King of Waters; The history of Agnitirtha
Listen, O, Bharata, to the names of those illustrious mothers. The mobile and immobile universe is permeated by those auspicious ones.
प्रभावती विशालाक्षी पालिता गोस्तनी तथा । श्रीमती बहुला चैव तथैव बहुपुत्रिका ॥ ३ ॥ अप्सु जाता च गोपाली बृहदम्बालिका तथा । जयावती मालतिका ध्रुवरत्ना भयंकरी ॥ ४ ॥ वसुदामा च दामा च विशोका नन्दिनी तथा । एकचूडा महाचूडा चक्रनेमिश्च भारत ॥ ५ ॥ उत्तेजनी जयत्सेना कमलाक्ष्यश्च शोभना । शत्रुञ्जया तथा चैव क्रोधना शलभी खरी ॥ ६ ॥ माधवी शुभवक्त्रा च तीर्थनेमिश्च भारत । गीतप्रिया च कल्याणी रुद्ररोमामिताशना ।। ७ ॥ मेघस्वना भोगवती सुभ्रुश्च कनकावती । अलाताक्षी वीर्यवती विद्युजिह्वा च भारत ॥ ८ ॥ पद्मावती 'सुनक्षत्रा कन्दरा वहुयोजना | संतानिका च कौरव्य कमला च महाबला ॥ ९ ॥ सुदामा बहुदामा च सुप्रभा च यशस्विनी । नृत्यप्रिया च राजेन्द्र शतोलूखलमेखला ॥ १० ॥ शतघण्टा शतानन्दा भगनन्दा च भाविनी। वपुष्मती चन्द्रशीता भद्रकाली च भारत ।। ११ । ऋक्षाम्विका निष्कुटिका वामा चत्वरवासिनी । सुमङ्गला स्वस्तिमती बुद्धिकामा जयाप्रिया ॥ १२ ॥ धनदा सुप्रसादा च भवदा च जलेश्वरी । एडी भेडी समेडी च वेतालजननी तथा ॥ १३ ॥ कण्डूति: कालिका चैव देवमित्रा च भारत । वसुश्री : कोटरा चैव चित्रसेनां तथाचला ॥ १४ ॥ कुक्कुटिका शङ्खलिका तथा शकुनिका नृप । कुण्डारिका कौकुलिका कुम्भिकाथ शतोदरी ॥ १५ ॥ उत्क्रार्थिनी जलेलाच महावेगा च कङ्कणा । मनोजवा कण्टकिनी प्रघसा पूतना तथा ॥ १६ ॥ केशयन्त्री त्रुटिर्वामाक्रोशनाथ तडित्प्रभा । मन्दोदरी च मुण्डी च कोटरा मेघवाहिनी ॥ १७ ॥ सुभगा लम्बनी लम्बा ताम्रचूडा विकाशिनी । ऊर्ध्ववेणीधरा चैव पिङ्गाक्षी लोहमेखला ॥ १८ ॥ पृथुवस्त्रा मधुलिका मधुकुम्भा तथैव च। पक्षालिका मत्कुलिका जरायुर्जर्जरानना ॥ १९ ॥ ख्याता दहदहा चैव तथा धमधमा नृप । खण्डखण्डा च राजेन्द्र पूषणा मणिकुट्टिका ॥ २० ॥ अमोघा चैव कौरव्य तथा लम्बपयोधरा । वेणुवीणाघरा चैव पिङ्गाक्षी लोहमेखला ॥ २१॥ शशोलूकमुखी कृष्णा खरजङ्घा महाजवा । शिशुमारमुखी श्वेता लोहिताक्षी विभीषणा ॥ २२ ॥ जटालिका कामचरी दीर्घजिह्वा बलोत्कटा | कालेहिका वामनिका मुकुटा चैव भारत ॥ २३॥ लोहिताक्षी महाकाया हरिपिण्डा च भूमिप। एकत्वचा सुकुसुमा कृष्णकर्णी च भारत ॥ २४ ॥ क्षुरकर्णी चतुष्कर्णी कर्णप्रावरणा तथा । चतुष्पथनिकेता च गोकर्णी महिषानना ॥ २५ ॥ खरकर्णी महाकर्णी भेरीस्वनमहास्वना । शङ्खकुम्भश्रवाश्चैव भगदा च महाबला ॥ २६ ॥ गणा च सुगणा चैव तथाऽभीत्यथ कामदा । चतुष्पथरता चैव भूतितीर्थान्यगोचरी ॥ २७ ॥ पशुदा वित्तदा चैव सुखदा च महायशाः । पयोदा गोमहिषदा सुविशाला च भारत । २८ ॥ प्रतिष्ठा सुप्रतिष्ठा च रोचमाना सुरोचना । नौकर्णी मुखकर्णी च विशिरा मन्थिनी तथा ॥ २९ ॥ एकचन्द्रा मेघकर्णा मेघमाला विरोचना ।
Their nails were long, their teeth were large and their lips also, O Bharata, were projecting. Of straight forms and handsome features, all of them, endowed with youth, were adorned with ornaments.
माहात्म्येन च संयुक्ताः कामरूपधरास्तथा ॥ ३२॥ निर्मांसगात्र्यः श्वेताश्च तथा काञ्चनसंनिभाः ।
Of ascetic merit, they were capable of assuming forms at will. Not having fleshy limbs, they were of fair complexions and endued with the luster of gold.
Some amongst them were dark and looked like clouds in hue and some were of the color of smoke, O best of Bharata's race. And some were endued with the effulgence of the morning sun and were highly blessed. Possessed of long tresses, they were clad in what dresses.
The braids of some were tied upwards and the eyes of some were tawny and some had long girdles. Some had long stomachs, some had long ears and some had long breasts.
Some had coppery eyes and coppery appearance and the eyes of some were green. Capable of granting boons and of walking at will, they were always cheerful.
Possessed of great strength, some amongst them partook of the nature of Yama, some of Rudra, some of Soma, some of Kuvera, some of Varuna, some of Indra, and some of Agni, O destroyer of foes.
Capable of assuming any form at will, in fleetness they resembled the very wind. Of inconceivable power and great energy, their prowess also was inconceivable.
These and many other fairs (of the mothers), all capable of terrorizing the enemies, followed, the great Kartikeya, at the command of the king of gods.
That dart produces a loud sound and is adorned with many large bells. Possessed of great luster, it seemed to blaze with light. And Indra also gave him a banner effulgent as the morning sun.
Invincible and possessing all the qualities of a good army that force was known by the name of Dhananjaya. It was protected by thirty thousand warriors each of whom was powerful like Rudra himself. That force knew not how to fly from battle.
That terrible army of celestials, furnished with standards adorned with bells and equipt with drums and conchs and cymbals and armed with weapons and decked with many banners, shone like the autumnal sky, bespangled with planets and stars.
Exertion and Victory and Righteousness and Success and Prosperity and Courage and the Scriptures, (in their embodied forms) followed Kartikeya's army, O king.
स तया भीमया देवः शूलमुद्गरहस्तया । ज्वलितालातधारिण्या चित्राभरणवर्मया ॥ ६५ ॥ गदामुसलनाराचशक्तितोमरहस्तया । दृप्तसिंहनिनादिन्या विनद्य प्रययौ गुहः ॥ ६६ ॥
With that awe-inspiring force, armed with lances and mallets and blazing hands and maces and heavy clubs and arrows and darts and spears and bedecked with beautiful ornaments and armor, the divine Guha set out with leonine roars.
He repeatedly hurled his terrible weapon, viz., the dart, he had received from Agni. The energy displayed by him then resembled a fire fed with libations of clarified butter.
The powerful and worshipful Skanda filled with joy, at last killed Taraka, the chief of the Daityas, endued with great energy and prowess and was surrounded in that battle, by a hundred thousand heroic and powerful Daityas.
O King, surrounded by ten thousand powerful Daitya warriors and supported by ten Balas (or strong beings), Mahisha (the buffalo demon) was also protected in battle by eight Padmas (divisions of his army). Yet, he was slain in the battle.
Filling the ten points of the horizon, the followers of Kumara, O king, made a loud noise, while those Daityas were being killed and danced and jumped and laughed in joy.
The three worlds were terrified at the yawns of Skanda's soldiers. The enemies were consumed with flames produced by Skanda. Many were killed by his roars only.
Some of the enemies of the Celestials struck with banners, were killed. Some, frightened by the sounds of bells, dropped on the face of the earth. Some were wounded with weapons and fell down dead.
Highly intelligent, the great generalissimo Skanda rushed against that enemy of the gods. Fearing Kartikeya, he took shelter within the Krauncha mountain.
Worked up with ire, the worshipful Kartikeya then pierced that mountain with that dart given him by Agni. The mountain was called Krauncha (crane). for the sound it always produced resembled the cry of a crane.
स शालस्कसन्धशबलं त्रस्तवानरवारणम् । प्रोड्डीनोद्भ्रान्तविहगं विनिष्पतितपन्नगम् ॥ ८५ ॥
sa śālaskasandhaśabalaṃ trastavānaravāraṇam | proḍḍīnodbhrāntavihagaṃ viniṣpatitapannagam || 85 ||
That mountain was variegated with Shala trees. The monkeys and elephants that lived on it were frightened. The birds that had lived there rose up and wheeled around in the sky. The serpents began to dart down its sides.
It resounded also with the cries of a large number of leopards and bears that ran hither and thither in fright. Other forests on it rang with the cries of hundreds of animals.
विनिष्पतद्भिः शरभैः सिंहैश्च सहसा द्रुतैः । शोच्यामी दशां प्राप्तो रराजेव स पर्वतः ॥ ८७॥
Sharabhas and lions suddenly run out. On account of all this, that mountain though it was reduced to a very pitiable condition still shone very beautifully.
Vidyadharas living on its summits soared into the air. The Kinnaras also became very anxious, bewildered by the fear caused by the fall of Skanda's arrow.
The Daityas then, by hundreds and thousands, came out of that burning mountain, all bedecked with beautiful ornaments and garlands. The followers of Kumara, overpowering them in battle, killed them all, the worshipful Skanda worked up with ire and killed the son of the Daitya chief (Vali) along with his younger brother as Indra had killed Vritra formerly.
The destroyer of hostile heroes, viz., Agni's son, pierced with his dart the Krauncha mountain, dividing his own self sometimes into many and sometimes aggregating them all into one.
बहुधा चैकधा चैव कृत्वाऽऽत्मानं महाबलः । शक्तिः क्षिप्ता रणे तस्य पाणिमेति पुनः पुनः ॥९२॥
Auspicious winds began to blow, carrying divine perfumes. The Gandharvas and great Rishis always engaged in the performance of sacrifices and sang his praises.
Some described him as the son of Maheshvara and some as that of Agni. Some spoke of him as the son of Uma or of Krittakas or of Ganga.
एकधा च द्विधा चैव चतुर्धा च महाबलम् । योगिनामीश्वरं देवं शतशोऽथ सहस्रशः ।। १०० ॥
ekadhā ca dvidhā caiva caturdhā ca mahābalam | yogināmīśvaraṃ devaṃ śataśo’tha sahasraśaḥ || 100 ||
Hundreds and thousands of people described that Lord of Yogins of shining form and great might, as the son of one of those or of either of two of those or of any one of four of those.
"I have thus told you, O king, everything about the installation of Kartikeya. Listen now to the history of the sanctity of that best of Tirthas, on the Sarasvati.
बभूव तीर्थप्रवरं हतेषु सुरशत्रुषु । कुमारेण महाराज त्रिविष्टपमिवापरम्॥ १०२॥
The powerful son of Agni gave to each of those leading celestials various kinds of dominion and wealth and at last the sovereignty of the three worlds.
एवं स भगवांस्तस्मिंतीर्थे दैत्यकुलान्तकः । अभिषिक्तो महाराज देवसेनापतिः सुरैः ॥ १०४ ॥
That other Tirtha, O best of Bharatas, where in days of Yore, Varuna, the Lord of water had been installed by the celestials, is known by the name of Taijasa.
uṣitvā rajanīṃ tatra mādhavaḥ paravīrahā | pūjya tīrthavaraṃ tacca spṛṣṭvā toyaṃ ca lāṅgalī || 107||
Passing one night there, that killer of hostile heroes, viz., Madhava, lauding that foremost of Tirthas and touching its water, became cheerful and happy.
I have now told you everything about which you had enquired, viz., how the divine Skanda was installed by the celestials.
Full Synopsis of Chapter 46 - The History of the Tirtha Taijasa and that of the Installation of the King of Waters; The history of Agnitirtha
The sage Vaiśampāyana recounts the installation of Skanda (Kārtikeya), the son of Agni, as the commander-in-chief of the celestial army. He first describes the divine "mothers" who accompany him—numerous celestial beings of various forms, powers, and appearances, all capable of taking on terrifying visages and granting boons. These mothers, radiant, powerful, and endowed with supernatural qualities, dwell in sacred spaces, forests, crossroads, and cremation grounds, ready to protect Kārtikeya and serve the gods.
Each of these mothers is described in vivid detail—some golden-hued, others cloud-dark or coppery-eyed, bearing mystical features such as long limbs, fiery hair, or multiple ears. Endowed with aspects of deities like Yama, Rudra, Indra, and Viṣṇu, they are fierce in battle, soft in speech, and swift as wind. These divine companions are protectors of Dharma and cosmic order and serve as harbingers of Skanda’s terrifying power.
Indra and the other gods offer Skanda powerful gifts to prepare him for battle. Indra gives him a divine, sound-emitting dart and a radiant banner. Śiva grants him a powerful army named Dhananjaya, composed of 30,000 invincible warriors. Viṣṇu gives him a victory-enhancing garland, Umā gives him radiant cloths, Gaṅgā a pot of amṛta, Bṛhaspati a sacred staff, and Garuḍa a peacock. Varuṇa offers a mighty serpent, and Brahmā gives him a black deer skin and the boon of victory.
With these divine gifts and his retinue of supernatural mothers, Skanda sets out to annihilate the Daityas (demons). His army, filled with gods and celestial beings wielding powerful weapons, marches forth to the rhythm of drums, conches, and celestial instruments. Encouraged by their divine commander, the celestials feel assured of victory. Skanda promises them that he will slay all who threaten the gods, and his presence fills the heavens with joy and renewed courage.
Skanda’s wrath blazes as he enters battle, hurling Agni’s fiery dart, which multiplies into countless weapons. Meteors and thunderbolts fall as his power resembles the fire of cosmic dissolution. He slays countless Daityas, including Taraka, Mahisha, and Hradodara, whose massive armies and demonic allies are reduced to ash. The earth shakes with divine roars, and many enemies fall dead from the very sound of his fury.
The final battle against Vāli’s son Vāna, who seeks refuge in Mount Krauncha, becomes legendary. Skanda splits the mountain with Agni’s weapon, causing its inhabitants—animals, birds, and serpents—to flee in terror. The explosion of divine power reveals the mountain’s hidden Daityas, whom Skanda and his followers swiftly destroy. With the death of Vāna and the piercing of Mount Krauncha, Skanda is honored by all gods, Gandharvas, and ṛṣis, who shower him with praise and flowers.
The narrative concludes with the gods proclaiming Skanda’s divine parentage—Agni, Śiva, Umā, or even Sanatkumāra—and installing him as their general. After his victory, Skanda rewards the gods with dominion, wealth, and security. The site of his investiture, now a sacred tīrtha on the Sarasvatī, becomes a second heaven. Bathing there brings merit, and it is venerated by sages and even Viṣṇu himself. Thus, the gods rejoiced, and Skanda, the fiery protector of heaven, rose to eternal glory.